Conventional arguments about scale effects suggest the possibility of scale economies for nations: larger national markets permit greater labor specialization, resulting in greater productivity per ...

Entropy is the measure of the disorder in a system that occurs over a period of time with no energy put into restoring the order. Zentropy integrates entropy at multiscale levels. Credit: Elizabeth ...

For more than a century, thermodynamics has described how heat flows and engines run, while quantum mechanics has ruled the strange behavior of atoms and photons. Physicists have long suspected that ...