The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of sample size estimations for the most frequent type of group studies that result in continuous, binary and ordered categorical outcomes. In recent ...

Low statistical power undermines the purpose of scientific research; it reduces the chance of detecting a true effect. Perhaps less intuitively, low power also reduces the likelihood that a ...

Power analyses and sample size calculations are important parts of many research projects. Often, before data are even collected, it is necessary to calculate and justify the required sample size for ...

Statistical significance is a critical concept in data analysis and research. In essence, it’s a measure that allows researchers to assess whether the results of an experiment or study are due to ...

When particles in a sample are the same size, one particle can be measured to report the result. If the sample has a narrow distribution, such as 10-25 µm, then measurement of just a few particles can ...