In this study, we characterized the immune responses to the tattoo ink accumulating in the lymph nodes (LNs). This is very relevant as tattoo ink commonly reaches and persists in this organ in most ...

The ongoing diversification of influenza virus necessitates annual vaccine updating. The vaccine antigen, the viral spike protein hemagglutinin (HA), tends to elicit strain-specific neutralizing ...

Department of Bacterial Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland In the era of increasing bacterial antibiotic resistance, finding new ways of combating pathogens ...

Creative Commons (CC): This is a Creative Commons license. Attribution (BY): Credit must be given to the creator. To provide early warning and support a rapid response to a novel virus through ...

Lymph nodes are a key part of the human immune system, whose primary function is to combat infections. The effectiveness of vaccines is based on their ability to trigger events in lymph nodes that ...

Over the past century, substantial advances have been made in understanding the role of the immune system in host–pathogen interactions. Numerous humoral and cellular effector mechanisms have been ...

T-bet expression is required for persistence of memory B cells that have rapid differentiation potential to become antibody-producing plasma cells in response to a second infection BIRMINGHAM, Ala. – ...

On the skin, millions of microbial colonists quietly coexist with their host as microscopic allies that help maintain health without causing harm. Yet these peaceful microbes can also evoke ...

aDepartment of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA bCenter for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, ...

In his first official remarks as pope, Leo XIV delivered a powerful message to the College of Cardinals on Saturday, warning that artificial intelligence (AI) presents serious new risks to human ...